Nicola Sfondrini – Partner Digital and Cloud Strategy at PWC.
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Industry 4.0, or the Fourth Industrial Revolution, introduces automation and data exchange in manufacturing technologies. This includes advancements such as smart integrated systems, the Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud computing.
These technologies allow for the interconnection of smart devices in industrial settings, supporting two-way, real-time communication in smart production environments. By connecting people, devices and industrial systems, cloud computing promotes data exchange and leverages advanced technologies to strengthen the ability to design, monitor and manage innovative, highly adaptable, automated and self-optimizing production processes.
Given the large amount of data involved in real-time automation and control, cloud computing is a key component enabling the operational economy. Cloud computing offers on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources, which can be rapidly deployed and released, providing flexibility and scalability in the management of such huge datasets, thus allowing companies to extract knowledge from raw data and respond more quickly and effectively to market requirements.
Emerging Trends In Cloud Computing
This discussion will center on three pivotal trends that are currently reshaping the industrial landscape in the digital age, as part of the evolving cloud computing paradigm.
• Edge Computing: Designed to process data near or at its point of generation, this approach can help to cut latency and reduce bandwidth requirements. For example, automotive factory assembly lines can use edge computing to conduct and process activities in real time on the plant floor without having to send large volumes of data to distant data centers. This can be critical for scenarios requiring real-time observability, such as predictive maintenance and automated quality control that call for instantaneous adjustments or actions.
• Integration With Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning: Traditional cloud environments can be integrated with artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms, so that they employ next-gen computational power to, for example, carry out sophisticated automated measurements for their overall operation.
AI algorithms not only track system behaviors and system failures but also use huge volumes of cloud data to sift for possible optimization, thus minimizing costs and carrying out proactive prevention. ML, on the other hand, learns from new data to become more efficient, possibly changing the course of process optimization and innovation.
• Quantum Cloud Computing: Still in its infancy, I believe quantum cloud computing will allow for unimaginable speed-ups to complex operating setups with large numbers of variables, surpassing what can be achieved using classical computing. For example, it would allow us to better understand the increasingly exotic states of particles, such as the electron, or allow us to solve complex logistical problems.
The beginnings of this technology are starting to emerge, with various new companies working on extending processing capabilities via the cloud (such processing is sometimes now performed in quantum hardware, kept cold enough to maintain its subatomic properties until the algorithmic tasks are completed). This technology might, in the future, enable the simulation of material properties at millions of scales, radically changing the nature of manufacturing.
Case Studies: Success Stories Of Cloud Integration
Germany is out in front of Industry 4.0 technologies, with many examples of cloud integration.
• Bosch Rexroth ActiveCockpit: This interactive communication platform represents good real-time data processing in a manufacturing setting. The ActiveCockpit collects, processes and displays production shop floor data in real time. With this system, production is operationalized more effectively.
All the critical manufacturing control variables are viewable at the manufacturing facility in an easy-to-understand manner to facilitate informed decision-making. It improves process efficiency, quickly diagnoses and remedies problems with production inefficiencies and maintains efficient machine operation. Cloud connectivity prevents downtime and conserves labor hours through predictive maintenance.
• Siemens Insights Hub: Siemens has created Insights Hub (previously MindSphere), an open cloud-based IoT operating system that connects analog infrastructure to the digital world via high-speed sensor technology. Insights Hub is particularly good at aggregating, processing, analyzing, visualizing and managing data.
Such IoT devices generate massive amounts of complex data from humble infrastructure that is hidden underneath, which the Hub can use to refine its own processes and develop new services (for example, in predictive maintenance, energy data management and so on). This system underpins Siemens’ state-of-the-art Amberg plant in Germany, which is a leading automated and digitized factory globally.
Future Projections And Challenges
Cloud computing is set to lead the way to Industry 4.0. Innovations such as the distributed cloud, which merges cloud and telecommunications approaches, and the multi-access edge computing (MEC) market, which delivers services closer to the data source, will further enhance the transformative potential of cloud computing. As these innovations continue to emerge, the impact of cloud computing will only increase.
Yet, these new technologies bring new vulnerabilities, too, especially in terms of cybersecurity and data privacy. As manufacturing becomes increasingly digitized (via virtualized cloud-based platforms), the exposure to both cyberattacks and data breaches increases. Cloud-based technologies designed to strengthen critical infrastructure must also comply with increasingly stringent data protection regulation, which varies across legal jurisdictions.
Conclusion
The existence of these hurdles makes it easier to understand why cloud computing takes center stage in the digitalization process of Industry 4.0. As I said earlier, if any technology had the unique capacity to increase connectivity levels, process data in a smart way and analyze processes in an efficient and effective manner, that technology would be the cloud.
For these reasons and more, the adoption of cloud technology will bring numerous upgrades to the manufacturing industry over the next few years, opening up new opportunities for business models and value creation.
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{Author}Nicola Sfondrini, Forbes Councils Member{/Author}
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